Combination fuel feed and governor



G. C. WRIGHT COMBINATION FUEL FEED AND GOVERNOR Aug. 18, 1 925.

Filed March 6, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet G. C. WRIGHT COMBINATION FUEL FEED AND GOVERNOR Filed March 6, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 gnuc-nroz G, C. Wrz'yhi.

Aug. 18, 1925. 1,550,481

G. c. WRIGHT COMBINATION FUEL FEED AND GOVERNOR G. C. Wright,

Aug. 18, 1925. 1,550,481

I G. c. WRIGHT COMBINATION FUEL FEED AND GOVERNOR Filed March 6, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 gwvento't 1;. c. a r-1 71i.

Patented Aug. 18, 1925.

UNITED STATES P'A'TEN'TV oFFII'cE.

GEORGE C. WRIGHT, OF EAST LANSINGQMTCH IGAN.

conama'rron FUEL ramp annpovnanoa.

Application filed rmr n c, 1923. Serial No. 623,236.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE C..WRIoH'r,

v a citizen of the United States, residing at East Lansing, in the county of Ingham and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination Fuel Feeds and Governors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and .use

the same. The object of the invention is to provide an efficient fuelfeeding, and governing mechanism for use 111' connectlon w th motors of the internal'combustion' or explosion type which are subject to variations in speed or rate of operationfor the purpose of regulating the speed throu h the control of the fuel or the feed of the uel to the cylinders, whether the fuelis-fed directly thereto in liquid or sprayed form or through a carburetor; and with this object in view the invention consists in a construction, combination and relation of parts of which a pre- 'ferred embodiment is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein: p I I Figure 1 1s aview of an apparatus embodying the invention, in connection tvith which is shown'a pump of the gear type adapted ior actuation by the crank shaft or other convenient portion of the motor.

Figures 2, ,3 and A are respectively sectional views on the planes indicated by the linesQ- -2; 3-3 and 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a view principally in vertical section through -a' modified form, and

Figure 6 'is a view principally in vertical section through a second modified form.

-';"The casing 10 constitutes a reservoir for oil or other fuel to be fed either directly to the cylinders under the control for example of the needle valve ,11 or its equivalent or to a carburetor as in the ordinary practice, the former of these methods being ill- I ingly to hold the needle valve unsealed, the

tension of the spring being under the control of astop nut 22.

Fuel is supplied through the pipe 23 to the reservoir'lO, the fuel coming from any preferred source of supply, (not shown),

and first entering a cylinder 24 arranged withinthe reservoir and containing a piston which is exposed to the pressure of themcomlng fuel and yieldingly resists this pressure in accordance with the tension of a spring 26 coiled upon the stem 27 of the piston, which stem, passing slidably through a gland 28 in the head of the reservoir, has connection by means of a collar 29 with one end of a rocking lever 30, fulcrumed-at 31 and engaged at the extre' 'ty of its other arm .with th collar 21 on he needle valve stem. The tension of the spring 26- is controlled by the gland 28 which is in the form of a thimble threaded in the head ofthe reservoir. Preferably the arm of the rocking lever carries an adjustable screw 32 of which the extremity constitutes a tappet or contact point 33 for engagement by the end of thefpiston rod or stem 27, when elevated,

the screw 32 being-held in its adjusted position the lock nut 34 and in order to cut o'fi'the'supply of fuel to the motor at a point close to, the-latter, so that the operation of the motor'will cease as soon as the out ofl has beenoperated, the rocking lever at or near the'end adjacent to the piston rod'or stem, as shown in the drawing, is provided with a 'stoplever 35 having a. cam 36 pivotally mounted asat 37 on the lever 30 and adapted to bearagainst any adjaeent fixed object, such as the upper 'end of the adjusting sleeve or gland 28. The tilting of the lever due to the operation-of this cam inthrowing the cut "off lever to its adjusted position serves to move the needle valve in opposition to its actuating spring 29 into a t -seate or closed, position.

"The reservoir 10 is provided with an overflow 37 through which'the fuel-upon reaching the level thereofflows back to the source of supply ortank,--andthe oil which enters the cyIinder '24: and to wh-ich through pres} sure upon the piston. 25 and the rocking" lever 30 serves to control 'the extent of opening of the needle valve and hence the quantity supply of fuel to the. engine or motor,?is

deflected through a by-pass 38 to enterthe body of the reservoir 10, the, by-pass having averticaltubular portion fitted with a pressure'control valve 39, manually operable, and adapted by the position thereof to offer greater or less obstacle to the escape of the fuel oil therefrom into the reservoir to increase or diminish the effect of the feed pressure upon the piston 25 and hence qualify or modify the effect of the fuel pressure upon the needle valve or the position of the latter with reference to its seat and hence the relative rapidity of feeding of the fuel to the cylinder through the feed pipe 18 which carries the fuel oil by gravity from the reservoir 10 to the needle valve port 17.

As a means of preventing the motor from racing. in event that the supply pressure should diminish in the cylinder either through the exhaust of the fuel in the supply tank or source or otherwise, tending to permit the depression of the piston 25 under the influence of the tension of the spring 26 and hence the movement of the rocking lever" to open the needle valve to its" fullest extent, the feed pipe 18 is provided in the reservoir 10 with an inlet valve seat- 40, and a cut ofl valve 41- is arranged in operative relation with said seat and has its stem connected with the longer arm of the rocking lever as at 4:2. so that the depression of thisarm of the lever serves to seat the valve 41 and hence cut off the supply of oil from the reservoir to the, needle valve, upon the decrease or discontinuance of supply pressure to the, reservoir.

The point of valve 11 is flattened as at 9 so that the valve can not completely close its seat which is important in preventing the engine from hunting on no load since otherwise thewalve would periodically completely close and open too wide, thus, respectively cutting off the fuel and racing.

' It is obvious that this incomplete closing of valve 11 to the desired degree may be effected in any other way, for instance by providing a groove in the point of the valve or its seat or by a stop on the valve or its seat to prevent complete closing of the valve.

Thus by the regulation of the tension of the spring 26 and the adjustment of the con tact 33 and the adjustment ofthe collar 21 on the needle valve, the relative amount of feed by the needle valve to the pressure may be regulated to a fine degree with the assurance that increase or variationft'ending to increase supply pressure will be compensated for through the connecting rocking lever 30 by a corresponding closing movement ofthe needle valve to insure a uni orm rate of movement of the motor, the fuel in the reservoir not being affected by the pressure but being conveyed to the cylinder by gravity; and in addition the amount of effect of the supply pressure upon the piston and hence upon the position of the needle valve is further controlled by the pressure control valve 39 which regulates the opening of the by-pass through which the supply pressure is admitted to the reservoir. with the result that practical uniformity of speed or rate of movement of the motor is assured, and when it is desired to stop the motor or through the diminution of supply pressure the tendency of the piston 25 is to widely open the needle valve. the supply to the cylinder is cut off either by seating the needle valve through the operation of the cut off lever 36 or through the seating of the cut otfvalve 4 1 at the inlet end of the feed tube 18, so that there is no tendency for the motor to run for any length of time after either of the cut off means has been actuated.

In -the modified construction shown in Figure 5 the fuel under pressure is admitted through the supply pipe 23' and enters an expansible or bellows shaped preferably metallic receptacle 25 constituting the equiv-,

alent of the piston 25, of the form previously described in that it is a pressure controlled element movable proportionately to the pressure under which the fuel is supplied under the control of a pressure valve 39 which regulates the inlet of the fuel from the pressure chamber represented in this instance by the interior of the diaphragir 25 and in the previously described form by the cylinder 21-, to the interior of the reservoir 1O through a bypass 25', said reservoir having the overflow 37* adapted to lead as previously described to the tank or source of supply.

The body portion of the reservoir 10" is carried by the movable member of the pressure controlled element 25* and is provided with a feed passage 18 leading to the casing 12 of the needle valve 11*, the needle valve in this case being tubular to provide a passage 11 through which the fuel passes to the casing 12 and the spring 2O being employed to resist the seating movement of the needle valve as in the construction previously described, the needle valve stem being attached in the modified form directly to the casing of the reservoir and being carried thereby so that the extension of the yielding member 25 of the pressure controlled means, due to an increase in pressure of the supply tends to close or cause a seating movement of the needle valve to close the needle valve port 17 which as previously described is controlled in turn by the poppet valve 15 having the usual means adapting it to yield to the suction strokes of the engine of which the cylinder is accessible through the fuel cup 13, as illustrated in the drawing, or a carburetor as frequently employed in this connection. The point of valve 11 is shaped like that of valve 11 for the same purpose.

The fuel feed and governor mechanism herein described is designed for use in connection with a variety of fuel oils of difr w ferent degrees ofviscosity, and toadapt it y to these uses it is 'preferable'to employ in connection therewith a forcefeed means consis'ting of a pump inserted in the supply line between the tank and the redegvoir to which admission is controlled as above described by the pressure actuated means, and it,is preferable as shown in'the drawing to use a pump of the gear type illustrated for example at 43, with which isconnected a bypass safety return passage 44 controlled by a safety check valve 45 yieldingly seated as by a spring 46, of whichthe tension may be regulated by a suitable plug 47 or the equiv alent thereof, so that an excessive pressure which might tend-to disarrange or injuriou'sly affect the governor mechanism will be relieved by'the opening of the valve 45 and thereturn of pressure to the feedend of the supply line.

In the modified construction shown in Figure 5, as a means of cutting off the feed of the fuelto the motor in the event vof the cessation or reduction of the pressure in the supply line there is employed a cut off valve 41 adapted to engage the seat 40, thexstem of said valve having a threaded engagement as at 48 with a bracket 49 which supports the governor mechanism-or, 'obviously, any other suitable stationary or fixed object.

The variationof the resistance offered by the movable element of the pressure actuable means, and the resistanceofi'ered by the spring 20 to the feeding movement of the needle. valve, are regulable by the adjustment of the supply tube 23? in the seat 50-formed 'in-the bracket 49 and said-tube is held in its adjusted positions bythe lock nuts 51. r

The form of Figure 6 is an exceedingly simple, and durable one. It primarily has, compared with Figure 5 a stationary reservoir and avoids use of a slip joint for the overflow pipe. The reservoir in this" form is designated and at its to is closed by a head 51 screw threaded or ot erwise permanently or removably attached as desired. A

fuel supply pipe 52 leads .to thehead and is \coupled thereto at 53, This pipe supplies the oil or other fuel under pressure being associated with the pump 40 for instance like the ,ipes 23 and 23; Pipe 52- delivers to an in ct passageway 54.in'head 51 and communicates with an expansible bellows 55 similar to that at 25. The fuelleaves the bellows through the passageway 54-and an L-shaped passageway 56 which leads to the 1 interior of reservoir 50. The extent of opening of the by ass passageway 56. is' governed by the a justment of a needle valve 57 screw threaded for instance at 58 in the head 51. A manipulating head 59 is provided on the screw 57 and is peri herally milled so as to coact with a spring nger 60 carried by head 51 in order-to maintain the valve in adjusted position against danger of accidental displacement. 1

Reservoir 50 has a discharge tube 61- and an overflow tube 62 leading to the source of fuel supply or otherwise as preferred. 'The tube 51 is press-fitted into a block or casing 62 as at'63 and a passageway 64 is provided in said block 62 in continuation of the bore of tube 61. Passageway 64 has a valve seat at 65 and a constricted outlet 66 communcating with an inclined outlet passagewa 67 adapted to -be alternately opened arid closed through operation of an air intake poppet valve 68, controlling entrance of the fuel to a fuel cap 69 and from the same through orifices 70 to the engine cylinder 71.

68 is normally maintained lifted or seated by a spring 72 and the valve has a depression head 73.

A needle valve 74 is vertically slidable in the passageway 64 and bore of tube 61 and thr ough abracket 75 rigidly fastened within the reservoir 50 and having ports or passageways 76 communicating with the bore oftube 61 and the interir of said reservoir.

Valve 74 is normally maintained raised with respect to the seat 65 by a spring 77 engaging a cap plate 78 fastened thereon by a nut 7 9 which is operable along the valve to vary the tension ofspring. 77. Said rod 74 engages the lower endof the bellows 55 and Valve such end may be in the form, of a brass or v 67, the seat of valve 68, the cup 69 and 011- l fices-70 The flow however issubject to the l.

pressureof the fuel which isimparted to the bellows 55 and expandsthe same and the action of such bellows is imparted to the valve 74 which correspondingly moves relative to its seat 65'and accomplishes the same result as the devices of the previous forms.

' It is'tobe emphasizedthat the reservoir 50 this fornf'is stationary and that the overflow pipe, 62 is also stationary, thus leaving the valve 74 as the principal sliding part.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim is 1: A fuel feed and governor mechanism for motors having a gravity fed needle valve casing, a reservoir for supplying the.

needle valve port, fuel supplying means'for the reservoir, pressure actuable means havmg a movable element connected with the needle valve and exposed to the variable enneedle valve port. fuel supplying means for the reservoir. a pressure actuable means having a movable element connected with the needle valve and exposed to the variable engine-load pressure of the fuel in said fuel supplying means. and a by-pass connection between the said pressure actuable means and the reservoir. the reservoir having an overflow outlet to the source of supply.

3. A fuel feed and governor mechanism .for motors having a gravity fed needle valve casing. a reservoir for supplylng theneedle valve port. fuel supplying means for the reservoir. pressure aictuable means having a movable element connected with the needle valve and exposed to the variable engine-load pressure of the fuel in said fuel supplying means. and a by-pass connection between the said pressure actuable means and the reservoir, the by-pass having a regu-.

lating valve.

l. A fuel feed and governor mechanismf for motors having a gravity fed needle valve casing. a reservoir for supplying the needle valve port, fuel supplying means for the reservoiix.pressure act-nable means hav- -1ng a movable element connected with the needle valve and exposed to the variable en-- gine-load pressure of the fuel in said fuel supplying means. and a by-pass connection between thesaid pressure actuable means and the reservoir. a cut-off valve actuable upon reduction of the supply pressure being interposed between the reservoir and the needle valve. t

A fuel feed and governor mechanism for motors having a gravity fed needle valve.v casing. a reservoir for supplying the needle valve port. fuel supplying means for the reservoir; pressure'actu'able means having a movable element connected with the needle valve an'dexposed to the variable engine-load pressure of thefuel in said fuel supplying means. and a by-pass connection between the said pressure actnable means and the reservoir. and means to adjust the relative positions of the needle valve and the movable element of the pressure actuable feed.

6. A fuel feed:and-governor mechanism for motors having a gravity fed needle valve casing. areservoir for supplying the needle valve ports. fuel supplying means for the"-reservoir. pressure actuable means having a movable element connected with the needle valve and exposed to the variable en'gineload pressure of the fuel in said fuel supplying means, and a by-pass connection between the said pressure actuable means and the reservoir, the needle valve being yieldingly impelled to open positionand means for adjusting the tension of said last named means. i

7. A fuel feed and governor mechanism for motors having a gravity fed needle valve casing, a reservoir for supplying the needle valve port. fuel supplying means for the reservoir. pressure actuable means having a movable element connected with the needle valve and exposed to the variable engine-load pressure of the fuel in said fuel supplying means. and a by-pass connection between the said pressure actuable means and the reservoir. andmeans for varying the resistance offered to pressure by the movable element of the pressure actuable means.

8. A fuel feed mechanism for motors including areservoir to contain a quantity of fuel for gravity feed to t-he'motor, in combination with a fuel supply passage in .communication with the reservoir. and

means operable by a replenishing supply of fuel flowing throughfsaid passage to control the feed from said motor.

9. A fuel feed mechanism for motors including a reservoir to contain a quantity of fuel for gravity feed to the motor,- in combination with a fuel supply passage in communication with the reservoir, and means operable by the pressure of a replenishing supply of fuel flowing through said passage to control the feed from said quantity to the motor.

10. A fuel feed mechanism for motors including a fuel line. a reservoir interrupting the fuel line so that the fuel adjacent the discharge portion thereof may flow by gravity to the motor. and means associated with said reservoir operable subject to the pressure in the fuel line to control the flow of the fuelbv gravity to the motor.

11. A fuel feed mechanism for motors having fuel-receiving means and a fuel supply passage in communication therewith. a valve to control the feed of fuel from the fuel-receiving means to the motor and means subject to the pressure of fuel in said passage to operate said valve.

19. A fuel feed mechanism for motors having means to supply fuel by gravity to the motor and a fuel supply passage in communication therewith. a valve controlling said first means. and means subject to the pressure of fuel in said passage to vary the extent of opening ofrthe valve.

13. A fuel feed mechanism for motors including a fuel line and a fuel supply pas- .sage in communication therewith. a reservoir interrupting the fuel line so that the fuel adjacent the discharge portion thereof may flow by gravity to the motor, and means quantity to the 4 operable through the flow of fuel through i i 7 said passage to control the flow 'of the fuel 'by gravity to the motor incapable of completely cutting off the flow of fuel -Ito the motor during operation of thelatter.

voir interrupting thefuel line so that-the fuel adjacent the discharge portion thereof may. flow by gravity to the motor, and means operable through "the flow of fuel through said. passage-to control the flow of the fuel by gravity to the motorconsisting of a. valve imperfectly seated whereby it will be. incapable of completely cutting off --the supply of fuel to the motor during op- 4 eration of the latter.

15. A fuel feed mechanism for motors, in combination with a fuel supply passage,

I having means expansibleand contractile according to the pressure of the fuel flowing in sald passage, and valve means to control the .flow of lthe fuel between the first means and the motor operable by the first mentioned means. I

16., A fuel feed mechanism for motors, in combination with a; fuel supply passage having means expansible and contractile according to the pressure of the fuel flowing in said passage, valve means to control (the flow of the fuel between the'first mentioned means. andthe motor operable by the first mentioned means being in contact therewith and means to urge the valve means toward the first mentioned means.

17. A fuel feed mechanism for motors having a fuel reservoir from which the fuel flows to the motor, means in the reservoir subject to the pressure of the fuel, means forming a passage from the first mentioned means into the reservoir, and a valve controlling the outlet of fuel from the reservoirto the motor under control of the first mentioned means. I

of fuel supply to said elements, said head 18. A fuel feed mechanism including a block, a reservoir in, communication with the block, said block having a passageway therethrough in communication with said "reservoir, a valve in said passageway, an 5 element within the reservoir expansible and contractile according to the pressure of the fuel and being in contact with said 4 valve, a spring to urge said valve toward said element, and said reservoir having a 5 passage communicating with its. interior, with said element and with the source of supply, a regulating valve for said passage,

and an air intake valve in said block normally closing the passageway.

19. fuel feed mechanism having a block, a fuel cup c'arried thereby and in communication with the cylinder of an engine, an air intake valve carried by the block, said block having a fuel supply passageway therethrough normally closed by, said valve, a stationary reservoir having a depending tube'press fitted into the block, said tube having a passageway communicating with the passageway" of the block, a bracket within the reservoir in communication with said passageway, a needle valve slidably disposed in said passageway and in said bracket, a detachable head on said reservoir, and expansive and contractile elerounding said bracket, a plate on the needle so valve in abutment with said springs and positioned by said nuts said head having an inlet passageway leading from the source having a bypass leading from said inlet passageway to the interior of the reservoir, and a control valve for said by-,pass adjustably mounted in said head.

In testimony whereof I, aifix my signature.

GEORGE C. WRIGHT. 

